نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسنده
چکیده
پژوهش حاضر به بررسی شیوههای گوناگون مستند و راهبردهای مداخله، بیان و مصور ساختن واقعیت و راههای به کار گرفته شده از سوی مستندساز با استفاده از روش اسنادی- توصیفی میپردازد. ارائه چارچوبی نظری برای شناخت تفاوتها میان مستندهای تلویزیونی، نحوه مداخله مستندساز، تفسیر او از دنیای پیرامون و سرانجام راهبردهای اتخاذ شده از سوی مستندساز در مواجهه با واقعیت، اهداف پژوهش حاضر میباشد. حرکت از حوزه گسترده و وسیع «دنیای واقعیت» به سمت برنامه مستند، الزاماً نوعی انتخاب و گزینش را به دنبال دارد که به دگرگونی ناگزیر در مراحل مختلف تولید برنامه میانجامد که نوعی «مداخله» محسوب میشود. فرضیه پژوهش بر این چارچوب نظری استوار است که برای درک بهتر نحوه مداخله مستندساز در انعکاس واقعیت میتوان از مقیاسی تحت عنوان «مستند بسته – مستند باز» بهره گرفت. این پژوهش سعی دارد، دو مقیاس نظری «میزان» و «نحوه مداخله» را در قالب نظریهای تحت عنوان «مستند باز و مستند بسته» بررسی کند و آن را به اثبات برساند.
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
The docu maker Strategies Facing the Reality, Opened And Closed Documentaries
نویسنده [English]
- Aboulhasan Ghasemi
چکیده [English]
The main issue of this essay is to survey on the various modes of television documentary and examines the documentary strategies of intervention, visualization, and representation of reality which documentary filmmakers have practiced. The goal of this essay is also to suggest a theoretical framework in order to recognize and distinguish among documentaries and suggest a framework for discussing , and making distinctions among documentaries by a descriptive method.
The framework of this article outlining is based on a theoretical platform . The primary goal is to advance parameters for an analytical engagement in documentaries .This must be the right place for integrating framework; We can make a distinction between two fundamentally different offerings, and correspondingly two oppositional motivations.
on the one hand that which is “ closed Documentary“ , exclusive , and embracing in its dealing with knowledge. Which is argumentative , persuasive and heavily concerned with proving its conviction of certainty. And on the other hand is “opened Documentary " which wants to expand and open up the territory of signification by triggering off a metaphorical, associative, emotional or poetic reflection .
The degree of intervention will be determinant in relation to the kind of aesthetics found in the program .It might be helpful to visualize this parameter as a continuum stretched out between a low and a high degree of intervention . A strategy of low intervention means giving high priority to the pro- films in itself .Doing as little as possible in terms of intervention means trying to catch reality out there as it unfolds without disturbing it too much.
We can say that primary representation is the kind of representation exercised when the degree of intervention is low. Secondary representation has to do with talking about and referring to reality without showing it . An open documentary could then either be the non-interventional type , or the interventional type relinquishing the rhetorical tools of explicitly and authority and the propositional advantage of the direct mode of address.
کلیدواژهها [English]
- reality
- Documentary film
- Documentary Modes
- Strategy of Intervention
- Closed Documentary
- Opened Document